New research reveals that people who stop using new GLP-1 drugs like semaglutide or tirzepatide may regain reduced body mass at a significantly accelerated pace than those who end traditional diet and exercise programs.
Research printed in a prominent medical journal points out that while obese individuals can lose about a fifth of their body weight while undergoing treatment, the weight returns at an estimated rate of 0.8 kg per month after stopping.
"Individuals purchasing these treatments need to be informed of the potential of quick rebound weight gain when the medication ends," cautioned lead investigator Dr. Susan Jebb.
That rate of recovery suggests a return to starting weight within about one and a half years.
Weighing Therapies
The analysis, which examined dozens of trials involving over 9,000 of participants, contrasted the results of these new drugs with older methods.
Scientists point out that people who lose weight through diet and exercise generally experience a more gradual creep back—perhaps 0.1 kg a month—once they finish.
Explaining the Quick Regain
Experts suggest the mechanism of the drugs accounts for the accelerated rebound.
GLP-1 drugs mimic a body's own chemical called GLP-1, which helps regulate feelings of fullness.
"Long-term administration of GLP-1 concentrations far above than normal could lead to the system to generate a reduced amount of its endogenous GLP-1, and may also lessen responsiveness to its actions," explained Dr. Adam Collins, a nutrition expert.
"Withdrawal of this GLP-1 'fix' results in appetite is unsuppressed, making binge eating far more likely."
An Ongoing Condition?
The NHS advise the injections for people with obesity-related health risks, accompanied by prescribed lifestyle changes.
A number of clinicians say that, given the significant potential of relapse, the treatment is often long-term.
This view is reinforced by pharmaceutical companies, who state that the findings "underscore the long-term nature of obesity," comparing it to managing conditions like hypertension.
Patient Accounts
People who have discontinued the medication explain a intense resurgence of appetite.
"It felt as if a switch activating and I was suddenly starving," said an individual.
The struggle is compounded if users have not adopted permanent dietary or behavioural modifications during treatment.
Growing Use
Figures suggest that millions of adults in the UK have used these injections in the last 12 months, with interest continuing to grow.
- Adoption is greater among females compared to men.
- The 40s and 50s demographic shows the greatest usage rates.
- A large proportion access the medications through private prescriptions rather than public health services.
Finally, researchers stress that while the jabs are powerful tools for shedding pounds, they are not a permanent cure and lasting health benefits hinges on ongoing lifestyle support.
